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How can I accurately test and measure email deliverability and sender reputation?

Summary

Accurately testing and measuring email deliverability and sender reputation requires a multifaceted approach that combines proactive and reactive strategies. Traditional methods like probe-account testing are deemed inaccurate, emphasizing the need for comprehensive evaluation. Key strategies include proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), gradual IP warming, and maintaining a clean email list by removing unengaged subscribers. Monitoring key metrics such as open rates, click-through rates (CTR), spam complaints, and IP blacklists is essential for identifying potential deliverability issues. Utilizing tools like Google Postmaster Tools and Microsoft SNDS for reputation monitoring is highly recommended. It's also important to be cautious about using seed lists due to potential inaccuracies and to be aware of how ESPs handle seed addresses with low engagement. Sender reputation, directly impacting deliverability, is influenced by authentication, engagement, and complaint rates. Finally, understand IP and domain reputation aren't independent.

Key findings

  • Probe Inaccuracy: Probe-account based deliverability measures are no longer accurate.
  • Sequential Testing Issues: Sequential testing changes reputation filters, affecting accuracy.
  • Reputation Interdependence: Domain and IP reputation are not independent.
  • Tool Recommendations: Google Postmaster Tools and Microsoft SNDS are important for monitoring.
  • Authentication Importance: SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are essential for authentication.
  • Clean List Benefits: Maintaining a clean email list reduces bounce rates and spam complaints.
  • Reputation Impact: Sender reputation directly affects deliverability.
  • Gradual IP Warming: Gradual IP warming improves reputation.

Key considerations

  • Cautious Seed Use: Use seed lists with caution due to potential inaccuracies.
  • ESP Seed Handling: Be aware of how ESPs handle seed addresses.
  • Holistic Strategy: Use a holistic strategy combining monitoring and proactive practices.
  • Blacklist Monitoring: Regularly check and address IP blacklisting.
  • Reputation Management: Actively manage and protect sender reputation.
  • Suspicious Patterns: Avoid sending patterns that trigger alerts.
  • Industry Standards: Be aware that some ESPs do not adhere to general standards.

What email marketers say

11 marketer opinions

Accurately testing and measuring email deliverability and sender reputation involves a multi-faceted approach, incorporating both proactive and reactive measures. Proactive measures include using seed lists and deliverability testing tools to assess inbox placement across various providers. Ensuring proper email authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC), warming up new IP addresses gradually, and maintaining a clean email list by removing unengaged subscribers are vital. Reactive measures involve monitoring open rates, click-through rates, IP blacklists, feedback loops, and sender reputation using tools like Google Postmaster Tools and Microsoft SNDS. It's crucial to understand that a good sender reputation, influenced by engagement, authentication, and complaint rates, directly impacts deliverability. Seed lists, while helpful, should be used cautiously due to potential inaccuracies. Understanding ESP behavior concerning seeds is also important, specifically regarding low engagement and account shutdowns, and how they may be related to the seed provider rather than actual recipient behavior.

Key opinions

  • Testing Tools: Deliverability testing tools provide insights into inbox placement across different providers.
  • Email Authentication: Proper authentication (SPF, DKIM, DMARC) is crucial for legitimate email recognition.
  • IP Warming: Gradually warming up new IPs helps build a positive sender reputation.
  • List Hygiene: Maintaining a clean email list improves engagement and sender reputation.
  • Metric Monitoring: Monitoring open rates, CTR, and spam complaints provides insights into deliverability performance.
  • Reputation Monitoring: Sender reputation is a key factor influencing deliverability; monitor using provided tools.
  • Seed Lists: Seed lists provide indication on the placement of emails in inboxes, but can be inaccurate.

Key considerations

  • Seed List Accuracy: Seed list results may not accurately reflect real-world deliverability due to various factors.
  • ESP Seed Handling: ESPs may disable or bounce seed addresses due to low engagement or other concerns.
  • Holistic Approach: A comprehensive approach combining proactive and reactive measures yields the most accurate results.
  • Reputation Impact: Sender reputation is determined by engagement, authentication, and spam complaints.
  • IP Blacklists: Regularly check and address IP blacklistings to maintain deliverability.
  • Feedback Loops: Utilize feedback loops to identify and address problematic sending practices.

Marketer view

Email marketer from SendPulse shares to track email open rates and click-through rates (CTR) to gauge engagement levels. Low open rates might indicate deliverability issues, while low CTR could point to content problems. Monitoring these metrics over time will help you see if your deliverability and content is getting better or worse.

6 Sep 2023 - SendPulse

Marketer view

Email marketer from Email on Acid explains that regularly cleaning your email list by removing unengaged subscribers reduces bounce rates and spam complaints. Focusing on engaged subscribers improves your sender reputation and overall deliverability.

15 Dec 2021 - Email on Acid

What the experts say

9 expert opinions

Accurately testing and measuring email deliverability and sender reputation requires a comprehensive understanding of various factors. Traditional probe-account methods are no longer reliable due to their limited scope and inability to replicate real-world sending patterns. Sequential testing is problematic, as initial tests can alter reputation filters. IP and domain reputations are intertwined, meaning actions affecting one influence the other. Maintaining a clean email list and consistent monitoring of IP and domain reputation using tools like Google Postmaster Tools and Microsoft SNDS are crucial for identifying deliverability issues. Shutting down entire accounts is a sign of highly suspicious sending patterns. Sender reputation impacts deliverability directly, with positive scores leading to better inbox placement, while negative scores result in spam filtering or blocking. Finally, addressing bounced addresses is critical.

Key opinions

  • Inaccurate Probes: Probe-account based deliverability measurements are no longer accurate.
  • Sequential Testing Issues: Sequential testing in email is unreliable due to reputation filter changes.
  • Intertwined Reputations: IP and domain reputations are not independent; they affect each other.
  • List Maintenance Crucial: Clean email lists are essential for measuring and maintaining good reputation.
  • Monitoring is Key: Consistent monitoring of IP and domain reputation is vital for identifying issues.
  • Sending Patterns Matter: Suspicious sending patterns can lead to account shutdowns.
  • Reputation Impact: Sender reputation directly affects email deliverability (inbox vs. spam).

Key considerations

  • Reputation Management: Focus on building and maintaining a positive sender reputation.
  • Blacklisting: Identify and resolve potential blacklisting issues promptly.
  • ESP Standards: Be aware that some ESPs might not adhere to general industry standards.
  • Holistic Approach: Employ a multi-faceted approach to testing and measuring deliverability.
  • Unusual Patterns: Avoid sending patterns that may trigger 'this is not a real customer' detectors.

Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks explains that probe-account based measures of deliverability are no longer accurate measures of actual deliverability. You can't measure deliverability with a small number of emails or recipients because it's a statistical thing and you're not providing a mailstream with a reputation.

21 Sep 2023 - Email Geeks

Expert view

Expert from Spamresource explains that sender reputation directly impacts deliverability, where ISPs assign reputation scores to senders based on factors like authentication, complaint rates, and sending volume. A positive reputation leads to better inbox placement, while a negative reputation results in emails being filtered to spam or blocked altogether.

23 Feb 2023 - Spamresource

What the documentation says

4 technical articles

Accurately testing and measuring email deliverability and sender reputation involves using various tools and protocols. Google Postmaster Tools can monitor sending reputation with Gmail users through metrics like spam rate, feedback loop complaints, and authentication status. Microsoft SNDS provides data about sending IP addresses, including complaint rates and spam trap hits for Microsoft services like Outlook and Hotmail. Implementing DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) verifies sender authenticity by associating a signature with email messages. Sender Policy Framework (SPF) prevents sender address forgery by specifying authorized mail servers for a domain.

Key findings

  • Google Postmaster Tools: Provides metrics for monitoring sender reputation with Gmail users.
  • Microsoft SNDS: Offers data on sending IP addresses for Microsoft email services.
  • DKIM Protocol: Verifies sender authenticity through digital signatures.
  • SPF Protocol: Prevents sender address forgery by specifying authorized mail servers.

Key considerations

  • Gmail Monitoring: Utilize Google Postmaster Tools to maintain a high sender reputation with Gmail.
  • Microsoft Monitoring: Monitor Microsoft SNDS data to identify and fix deliverability issues with Outlook/Hotmail.
  • DKIM Implementation: Implement DKIM to build trust and ensure message integrity.
  • SPF Implementation: Implement SPF to prevent sender address forgery and improve deliverability.

Technical article

Documentation from Microsoft SNDS explains the Sender Network Data Services (SNDS) program which provides data about your sending IP addresses, including complaint rates and spam trap hits. Monitoring SNDS data can help identify and fix deliverability issues when sending to Microsoft email services like Outlook and Hotmail.

4 May 2025 - Microsoft SNDS

Technical article

Documentation from Google Postmaster Tools describes how to use their tools to monitor your sending reputation with Gmail users. They provide metrics like spam rate, feedback loop complaints, and authentication status that are helpful to keep your sender reputation high with Gmail users.

30 Dec 2021 - Google Postmaster Tools

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