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How do I identify and handle spam bot clicks in email reporting and how can they affect deliverability?

Summary

Identifying and handling spam bot clicks to maintain email deliverability involves a multifaceted approach. Experts and marketers suggest utilizing various methods, including analyzing user-agent data, implementing honeypot links, monitoring click patterns and IP addresses, and employing rate limiting. Double opt-in processes can prevent bot sign-ups. It's essential to go beyond simple open and click metrics and analyze user behavior after the click. Regularly cleaning email lists also removes bots. Automated filters, sender reputation monitoring, and analyzing SMTP errors can also help. ESPs ideally should assist with data and filtering, but marketers must proactively implement their methods. Bot clicks can negatively affect deliverability by skewing engagement metrics and triggering inappropriate automation sequences. Finally, bot and human engagement can coexist, requiring refined analytical approaches.

Key findings

  • User-Agent Analysis: Analyzing user-agent data can help identify bot clicks.
  • Honeypot Links: Implementing honeypot links identifies bot traffic.
  • Click Pattern Analysis: Monitoring click patterns helps detect bot clicks.
  • Rate Limiting: Rate limiting helps mitigate bot activity.
  • Double Opt-In: Double opt-in prevents bot sign-ups.
  • Beyond Clicks: Analyze user behavior beyond clicks to differentiate real users.
  • List Cleaning: Regular list cleaning removes potential bots.
  • Automated Filters: Google Ads' automated filters remove invalid clicks.
  • Sender Reputation: Monitoring sender reputation identifies bot-related deliverability issues.
  • SMTP Errors: High SMTP error rates indicate potential bot activity.

Key considerations

  • ESP Dependence: Don't solely rely on ESPs for bot detection.
  • Human Overlap: Bot clicks and human engagement may coexist.
  • Deliverability Impact: Bot clicks negatively impact deliverability.
  • Data Access: Raw data from ESPs is essential for analysis.
  • Behavioral Patterns: Analyze behavioral patterns and engagement after the click.
  • Proactive Approach: Proactive measures are needed for detection and prevention.

What email marketers say

14 marketer opinions

Identifying and handling spam bot clicks in email reporting is crucial for maintaining accurate engagement metrics and ensuring healthy email deliverability. Experts and marketers suggest using various methods to detect bots, including analyzing user-agent data, click patterns, IP addresses, and implementing honeypot links. It's also important to go beyond simple click metrics and analyze user behavior after the click, implement rate limiting on click tracking, and regularly clean email lists to remove inactive subscribers and potential bots. Double opt-in processes can help prevent bot sign-ups. Bot clicks can negatively impact deliverability by skewing engagement metrics, triggering marketing automation sequences inappropriately, and potentially damaging sender reputation. However, bot clicks may also occur alongside genuine human engagement, so careful analysis is needed.

Key opinions

  • User-Agent Analysis: Analyzing user-agent data helps identify bot clicks, but sometimes real users also trigger bot clicks.
  • Fingerprinting Bot Clicks: Fingerprinting bot clicks based on timing, IPs, and user agents allows for filtering of these events.
  • Honeypot Links: Implementing honeypot links helps identify and segment out bot traffic by attracting bots to invisible links.
  • CTR Monitoring: Monitoring click-through rates and identifying unusual spikes in activity helps detect bot clicks.
  • Double Opt-In: Using double opt-in prevents bot sign-ups and click activity by requiring email confirmation.
  • Rate Limiting: Rate limiting on click tracking identifies and mitigates bot activity by tracking clicks within a timeframe.
  • A/B Testing: A/B testing can identify bot activity if one version consistently receives more bot clicks.
  • List Cleaning: Regularly cleaning email lists removes inactive subscribers and potential bots.
  • Engagement Skewing: Bot clicks can skew engagement metrics, making it harder to identify real subscribers.
  • Automation Triggers: Bot clicks can trigger marketing automation sequences, leading to inappropriate follow-ups.

Key considerations

  • Human vs. Bot Overlap: Bot clicks and human engagement aren't always mutually exclusive; some users may have both.
  • Engagement Beyond Clicks: Analyze user behavior after the click, such as time spent on the landing page, to differentiate bots from humans.
  • ESP Capabilities: Your ESP should ideally handle bot click detection and filtering.
  • Deliverability Impact: Bot clicks can negatively impact deliverability if they trigger spam filters or skew engagement metrics.
  • Security Filters: Security filters following links through can generate bot clicks; be mindful of their behavior.
  • Content Analysis: Certain content elements in emails may trigger bots; A/B test to identify these triggers.

Marketer view

Email marketer from Stack Overflow suggests implementing rate limiting on click tracking to identify and mitigate bot activity. Rate limiting involves tracking the number of clicks from a specific IP address or user agent within a certain timeframe and blocking or filtering out traffic that exceeds a defined threshold.

29 Mar 2023 - Stack Overflow

Marketer view

Email marketer from ActiveCampaign notes checking user-agent data is a key method for determining real engagement of a clicker. Look for known bot agents and remove these clicks.

12 Oct 2021 - ActiveCampaign

What the experts say

3 expert opinions

Identifying and handling spam bot clicks requires a multi-faceted approach. ESPs should provide raw data for analysis, but marketers must also implement their own detection methods. Honeypots can effectively trap bots, while analyzing user behavior beyond simple clicks (like time on page and conversions) provides a more accurate assessment of engagement. A key theme is that simply relying on open/click rates is insufficient; deeper behavioral analysis is necessary to differentiate bots from genuine human engagement.

Key opinions

  • ESP Data Access: ESPs ideally should provide raw click data or capture it on request for detailed analysis.
  • Honeypot Effectiveness: Honeypots are effective for detecting bot clicks due to their invisibility to human users.
  • Beyond Clicks: Analyzing user behavior beyond clicks (e.g., time on page, conversions) is crucial for bot differentiation.

Key considerations

  • ESP Reliance: Don't solely rely on your ESP; implement your own bot detection methods.
  • Honeypot Implementation: Carefully implement honeypots to avoid accidentally trapping real users.
  • Behavioral Analysis Complexity: Behavioral analysis requires more sophisticated tracking and analysis tools beyond basic click metrics.

Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks says that ESPs should ideally handle bot click data, making the raw data available or capturing it on request.

4 Feb 2025 - Email Geeks

Expert view

Expert from Word to the Wise emphasizes the importance of going beyond simple open and click metrics. They suggest looking at user behavior after the click, such as time spent on the landing page or whether a conversion occurred. Bots often exhibit superficial engagement without any further interaction, so this deeper analysis can help differentiate between bot and human clicks.

3 Apr 2023 - Word to the Wise

What the documentation says

4 technical articles

Technical documentation highlights that identifying and handling spam bot clicks involves several strategies. Google Ads uses automated filters and manual reviews to filter out invalid clicks. SparkPost emphasizes analyzing engagement tracking, click patterns, and IP addresses to exclude bot traffic. AWS recommends monitoring sender reputation metrics such as bounce rates and complaint rates. Finally, RFC highlights SMTP standards as a way to track deliverability.

Key findings

  • Automated Filters: Google Ads uses automated filters and manual reviews to identify and filter out invalid clicks.
  • Engagement Tracking: SparkPost provides engagement tracking, including click data, for identifying and filtering out bot activity.
  • Sender Reputation: AWS recommends monitoring sender reputation, including bounce and complaint rates, to identify potential bot-related issues.
  • SMTP Standards: RFC standards for SMTP can highlight likely problems.

Key considerations

  • Data availability: Data should be available from vendors.
  • Pattern Analysis: Analyze click patterns, IP addresses, and bounce rates.
  • Metric Monitoring: Monitoring engagement and reputation metrics can help identify and address bot issues.

Technical article

Documentation from SparkPost explains that they provide detailed engagement tracking, including click data, which can be used to identify and filter out bot activity. They recommend analyzing click patterns and IP addresses to identify and exclude bot traffic from deliverability metrics.

3 Aug 2023 - SparkPost

Technical article

Documentation from AWS explains that monitoring your sender reputation, including bounce rates and complaint rates, can help identify potential issues related to bot activity. High bounce rates from invalid email addresses and complaints triggered by bots can negatively impact deliverability.

8 Aug 2021 - Amazon Web Services

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