Suped

Summary

Being listed on the Composite Blocking List (CBL), a key component of the Spamhaus Project's blocklists, indicates that an IP address is likely involved in spamming activity or has been compromised by malware. The CBL primarily lists IP addresses that are observed sending spam, acting as open proxies, or participating in botnets. Unlike some other blocklists, CBL listings are often a direct result of detecting malicious outbound traffic, meaning the issue is typically with the sending system itself.

What email marketers say

Email marketers often find themselves in a challenging position when their sending IP gets listed on a major blacklist like the CBL. The immediate impact is a significant drop in email deliverability, leading to bounced emails and missed opportunities. Many marketers, especially those using shared IPs or managing their own small mail servers, may not directly control the underlying infrastructure, complicating the resolution process. Their primary focus is usually on identifying the blocklisting, understanding its cause (if possible), and initiating the delisting as quickly as possible to restore normal email flow.

Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks indicates they are receiving service unavailable errors with their client host being blocked by Spamhaus Zen and asks if abuse.net is listed in Spamhaus, wondering if anyone else has faced this issue. They are looking for help troubleshooting a blocklist issue they are experiencing.

14 Jan 2020 - Email Geeks

Marketer view

Email marketer from Email Geeks confirms they are not the owner of the server that is blocklisted and seeks advice on how to proceed. This highlights the challenge when the blocklisted IP is not directly under their control.

14 Jan 2020 - Email Geeks

What the experts say

Email deliverability experts consistently highlight that a CBL blocklist indicates active malicious behavior originating from an IP address. They emphasize that such listings are rarely false positives and almost always point to a compromised system (e.g., botnet infection, malware) or a severe server misconfiguration. Experts stress that simply requesting delisting without addressing the underlying problem is futile, as the IP will quickly be relisted. Their advice centers on thorough investigation, remediation, and then, and only then, initiating the delisting process, often noting that the CBL self-removes IPs once the malicious traffic ceases.

Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks (steve589) states that a CBL listing should self-resolve once the system sending spam is shut down. This emphasizes the reactive nature of the CBL.

14 Jan 2020 - Email Geeks

Expert view

Expert from Email Geeks (wise_laura) confirms that the user's system is infected and listed on the CBL. They advise fixing whatever is infected on the specific IP address or the system performing NAT out to that IP.

14 Jan 2020 - Email Geeks

What the documentation says

Official documentation and cybersecurity research largely confirm that CBL listings are directly tied to an IP address exhibiting characteristics of a spam source, botnet member, or open proxy. The CBL's methodology is based on real-time observations of exploited systems. Documentation emphasizes that the CBL does not list IPs for policy violations (e.g., sending marketing email without consent) but rather for clear signs of abuse. The resolution process, as outlined in official guidelines, invariably requires the cessation of the problematic behavior before any delisting can occur, often highlighting the self-delisting nature of the blocklist.

Technical article

Documentation from Abuse.net states that the Composite Blocking List (CBL) lists IP addresses that have been observed sending spam or participating in other forms of abuse such as botnets or open proxies. This highlights the direct behavioral criteria for listing.

01 Jan 2024 - CBL Official Page

Technical article

Spamhaus documentation explains that if an IP is listed on the CBL, it implies the server is infected with malware or has some other form of botnet activity. This points to a clear, actionable cause.

15 Feb 2024 - Spamhaus.org

11 resources

Start improving your email deliverability today

Get started